Lasers & Optics

First light — the birth of the Lab’s laser program

Sixty years ago in 1960, at Hughes Aircraft Company in Malibu, California, Thomas Maiman fired his solid-state ruby laser, emitting humankind’s first coherent visible light. The concept of a laser had been invented by Charles Townes, then a professor at Columbia University, who tested the idea at microwave frequencies in 1953, calling it a maser (now laser, “light” amplification by stimulated emission of radiation). Maiman’s success sparked international competition in laser development for scientific discovery and possible future applications.